Lysistrata Essays (861 words) - Lysistrata, Women In War, Myrrhine

Lysistrata A play about making war - and not making love... The Talbot Theatre production of Lysistrata both entertained and delighted this member of the audience, who was there partly because of an English assignment requirement, but mainly because of the opportunity to enjoy a live theatre production. The theatre company employed many different components to bring this antiwar play to life that evening on the stage. These components can be broken into three categories, which visually enhanced the text of the play. The first of these categories is the setting, the stage lighting, and the props. The second component is the symbolism of some of those props, and the third component is the character portrayals by the actors on the stage. To take us back to ancient Greece, the props master employed a very simple interpretation using columns on a raised set of steps, with a backdrop of blue. To add to the feel of the era, a statue stands in the middle of the platform. This platform serves double duty as the Akropolis and as the Citadel, both of which the women have occupied. When the men light a fire below the walls of the Akropolis, smoke pours out of the bundle of sticks, making it appear as if a fire has really been ignited. Fortunately the women are ready and the fire is extinguished and the men all doused with water, which is portrayed well with buckets and actions that look as if the men are being driven away by the water. When Kinesias comes to see Myrrhine, and they head off to Pan's cave, the stage lighting is dimmed to give the effect of the darkness of being in a cave. The most strikingly visual use of stage props is the appearance of larger than life erect phalluses under the tunics of all the male main characters during the second half of the play. These seemingly grotesque male members serve to symbolize the frustration of the men. However, they are also a symbol of how the men's political power has been superceded by the primitive urge for sex, and how the women now hold power over the men. The statue, which is on the platform, is dressed in armor and symbolizes the war. The shield is taken by the women to be used for the purpose of swearing their oath, but they quickly realize that they cannot swear for peace on a shield used for war. This warrior statue disappears at the end of the play, reappearing as a female, the statue of PEACE, considerably shapelier and more enticing to the men. The characters presented the most impressive visual component. Lysistrata was portrayed perfectly as a down-to-earth woman who has had enough of war and is willing to lead a revolution to end it. Most of the rest of the women are portrayed as being frothy little things, more interested in clothing, shopping and sex, interests which Lysistrata feels that she can employ to bring about the change in the men's attitudes. The costumes on the main characters evoked the image of the time, and helped to define the characters. Both the members of the female chorus and the male chorus are dressed in white, to keep them separate in our minds from the main characters of the story. However, they are employed in such a way in the play as to explain a lot of the story to us by carrying a lot of the action and dialogue of the altercations between the sexes. The main characters employed a number of acting techniques to convey the images of the play. Lampito carries herself differently and speaks with an accent, and although she is dressed somewhat the same as the other women, we realize that she comes from Sparta. The Magistrate struts on to the stage, accompanied by a constable, only to be harassed and ultimately humiliated by the women, who will not be arrested. They turn the tables on the constable by tying him up with his own rope, and then send the magistrate and the constable packing. Comic moments happen when the desperate-for-sex women try to sneak away from the Citadel and are caught by Lysistrata. One of these women takes the helmet from the statue and tries to simulate a pregnancy that was not there the day before. An excellent portrayal of a frustrated husband is seen when Kinesias comes to find Myrrhine. This is the first appearance of a male with a very large protuberance under his tunic,

Solutions for College Dropout Essay Example

Solutions for College Dropout Essay Example Solutions for College Dropout Paper Solutions for College Dropout Paper Essay Topic: College application The Solution to Increasing Dropout Rates While there are many problems college students face while attempting to obtain a degree, the largest hindrance from completion is that of financial ability. One of the largest contributors to college dropout rates is the lack of financial support. Many college students must work either full or part time to support themselves or their families. With the declining economy and increasing costs of college tuition, funds are being scarcely distributed and many college students find that they are unable to continue their education due of this. The degree Of importance placed on college education is in decline, and each year the number of students completing their degree is decreasing. There have been a vast number of surveys and polls of college students and some of the outcomes are astounding. According to the US Department of Education, only 20 percent of young students who enter a two year institution will graduate within three years. While those who enroll in a four year institution have a slightly higher graduation rate of 40 percent in six years. In doffs society higher education is key for the majority of the josh market, but many college students find that even tit a college degree they cannot find work. The standard college student today is no longer 18 years old and enrolling in a four year university program. The new standard that is vastly seen is that of a part-time, older individual who is often working while trying to juggle their busy schedule. According to a report in the New York Times, two-thirds of students said the economic climate had significantly affected their college choice, and 13 percent said they could not afford to attend their first-choice university, the highest percentage since that question was first asked in 2006. With college tuition rates increasing many students without a credential are plunged underwater financially. Men students leave college with no credential and a load of debt, they may be worse off than when they entered. With so many college students facing the financial burdens that college tuition imposes, this has grown to increase the degree completion rate to an all-time high. Students often find themselves forced to choose between continuing their education and simply putting food on the table. It is not surprising to see that many forgo completing their education in order to do so. According too survey of college drop outs, 71 percent of students agreed that the reason for not completing their intended program was that they needed to go to work and make money. Having less off burden to financial responsibility would definitely help many of the students facing these problems. Am proposing a plan to the US. Federal government to implement a new plan for receiving financial aid. This plan will not only be based upon merit and satisfactory grades or financial need, but the biggest change will come from increased rates for trine completed. This new system Will integrate the college dents current course level and anticipated graduation date and base financial aid accordingly. Think of this increase in financial aid for students as you would a raise in a job for performance. The main goal of this program is to provide incentive for students to continue on their education pathway and obtain their degree. The current process for financial aid for a student is based on the students financial status. If a student has an EPIC (Expected gamely Contribution) of O they will qualify for a fully funded Peel Grant which is roughly enough to cover the needs Of one year for a full time community college student. If a student plans to attend a four year university, the current amount of financial aid given does not even cover half Of that cost. The new proposed program Will use the same standards for initial financial aid awarded to a student, but for each year that the student satisfactorily completes their courses, their financial aid Will increase by 15 percent. This new program will be provided to all current and new applicants who are currently eligible to receive a LIST federally funded Peel Grant. The program is to still be funded by the US Federal Government, but to increase he funding for this propose a one percent federal tax increase on all major corporations and businesses with an annual income of $250,000 or greater. This will likely incur great opposition initially as to why the increase in tax rate is on that of large businesses. In response to this, the effort of this new program will be to eliminate additional costly training by employers to undereducated employees. By having college students who are actually obtaining their college degrees working for these large companies, the need for additional training will decline, Thus, saving funds in order to finance the one percent proposed increase to increase financial aid. The proposed program will set to be launched during the upcoming years financial aid process and coincide with the initial financial aid applications. A new committee of current financial aid staff will be formed to oversee the addition to the program, and will be set in place to answer questions and to help prevent fraud. The method for monitoring the students progress is to still be the responsibility Of the institution to where the student is enrolled. If a student fails to enroll for the following year and apply for financial aid, then no increase in financial aid funds Will be provided to them. Also, if any break of one semester or more is taken during the school year the increased financial aid Will be lost. If a student fails to meet the standard 77 or above grade in any course that is being federally funded then financial aid will be lost as well. The program is intended for students who satisfactorily complete a consecutive term year after year until degree completion is obtained. This newly proposed program will help to alleviate the financial burden that many college students face, By offering a greater incentive to students to complete their degree in a Emily manner, the degree completion rate will increase.

Human Resource Information System-101 Assignment

Human Resource Information System-101 - Assignment Example The process ensures that the organization has the right mix of employee with the knowledge, skills and abilities to perform the particular jobs (Kavanagh, Thite, and Johnson 284). Job descriptions provides for the working relationships between the employee and the organization. Job descriptions are used in determining the compensation structures, promotions, dismissals, training, performance appraisals, disciplinary procedures and employee grievances handling. Numerous techniques such as the critical incident reporting, task inventory analysis and questionnaires can be used to conduct job analysis (Kavanagh, Thite, and Johnson 285). Advantages of HRIS over â€Å"paper and pencil† approach to HR operations Web-based tools such as the O*Net database which is an online repository with more than 1,000 occupations have enhanced the convenience of job analysis (Kavanagh, Thite, and Johnson 286). Guide.com also provides simple, job analysis tools to the HR professionals. HRIS have en abled online administration of job analysis questionnaires and surveys to the job incumbents. HRIS have increased accuracy and timeliness of job analysis. HRIS will assist the managers to reduce HR administration costs, improve the service to personnel and enhance the reliability of internal reporting by minimizing human input errors on employee database. HRIS will support relational databases and improve report generation since the systems contain query capabilities. HRIS enhances the secure distribution of employee data thus maintaining employee privacy (Kavanagh, Thite, and Johnson 287). Advantages of service oriented architecture for HRIS With the emergency of computer technology, software and internet technologies, most HR professionals know use HRIS to support HR transactional and administrative activities such as data accuracy and employee privacy. Service oriented architecture has enabled HR administrators to leverage on technology in HR administration. Service-oriented arch itecture involves organizing and utilizing distributed computing capabilities that are under the control of different domains in assessing, offering and using capabilities to realize desired organizational effects. The process is focused on adding value to the business rather than the technologies. SOA includes both internal and external services that communicate through coordination among various services in order to achieve the shared organizational goals. Some principles that guide SOA include flexibility, loose coupling, modularity, optimization and standards-based computing (Kavanagh, Thite, and Johnson 290). Some of the benefits of SOA architecture include improved alignment of business strategies and processes, IT consolidation capabilities and integration in order to reduce associated costs and faster implementation through modeling and reuse. For instance, eXtensible Markup Language (XML) supports SOA through data sharing over numerous information systems via the Internet. XML-Enhanced SOA improves the security of employee data and reduces transactional costs while improving customer satisfaction. It also supports compliance with HR policies and business change requirements. XML-SOA supports various HR administration structures like outsourcing, self-service

What Is Discrimination Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

What Is Discrimination - Literature review Example A racial group means a group of people defined by their race, color, and nationality (including citizenship) ethnic or national origins. Victimization means treating someone less favorably because they have made a complaint of discrimination (a "protected act"), or are thought to have done so; or because they have supported someone else who has made a complaint of discrimination. Vivid legal responsibility is the legal basis whereby an organization may become legally liable for the acts of its employees or agents. This can apply even where the institution had no knowledge of the acts and where, if it had been aware, it would disapprove or have disapproved of the acts in question. (Andrew, 1995) Direct discrimination is when a person is treated less favorably by another in a comparable situation. For example, A40-year-old woman applies for a job and is told she cannot have the job because the company is looking for new employees in their 20s. An African couple is looking for a school for their child and is told by their local school that the child cannot go to that school because there are no non-white children there. A man applies for a job and does not get it and is told that the company does not want gay people working there. (Andrew, 1995) The west of the city is mainly occupied by black people. This means that proportionately more non-black people will be applying for the job. A facility is "open to everyone", but it is on the third floor and there is no lift. This means that people in wheelchairs cannot use the facility. A company insists that people cannot leave their desks during the day apart from toilet breaks and lunch. This means that practicing Muslims cannot work there since they cannot pray at the appointed times.(Ibid, 1995) Indirect discrimination occurs where the effect of certain requirements, conditions or practices imposed by an employer or education provider has an adverse impact disproportionately on one group or other. Indirect discrimination can also occur when a rule or condition, which is applied equally to everyone, can be met by a considerably smaller proportion of people from a particular group, the rule is to their disadvantage, and it cannot be justified on other grounds. (Alf, 1958) Â  

Boundaries Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Boundaries - Essay Example In other wise we compartmentalize too much so that our professional lives cause damages to our private lives. This paper analyses the necessities of achieving work-life balancing. Manpower shortage, especially skilled manpower shortage is one of the major problems, in European and American countries. Volume of work and manpower shortages is increasing day by day which force organizations in these countries to ask their existing employees to stay back for overtime on a regular basis. For example, nursing professionals in these countries forced to work even up to 16 hours per day because of the shortage of nursing professional in these countries. Many of the IT organizations in these countries are outsourcing their jobs to countries like India and China in order to tackle the manpower shortage problems. Globally, the regular working hours of an employee is fixed to eight hours per day because of the necessities of ample rest a person needs before starting another day in the office. An employee needs to maintain his physical and mental health for delivering his maximum productivity. However, organizations of the modern era are forgetting about it and asking their employees to work overtime on a regular basis which is creating problems in their personal life. The overload of work often forces the employee to forget his family commitments and family problems may start to develop in his life. â€Å"Workers in poorer quality jobs (with poor job security, work overload, low levels of time and task autonomy, low flexibility and low job satisfaction) have worse work-life interference than those in better quality jobs† (Pocock et al p.7). Former French president Jacques Chirac also expressed similar concerns. In his opinion, â€Å"poor work-life balance arises from long and intense working hours may enhance the productivity of the organizations; however, better productivity should not come at the expense of the quality of life and social cohesion† (Bloom et al,2006, p.5). (Bloom et al, p.5). Man is a social animals rather than a machine. Moreover, he has emotions, feelings and thoughts which segregate him from other objects in this world. He is working for living, not living for working. But many of the organizations perceive the employees just like machines. Machines do not need rest or break until it damages. It is impossible for a person to work in that manner because of the non-mechanistic components present in him. Johnson (2008) also expressed similar concerns. In his opinion, â€Å"Extended working hours and more than required time spent at work place paves way for health complaints and too much of stress that can lead to injuries like an accident when driving†(Johnson). It is difficult for a worker to concentrate on a particular topic more than certain time period. Body and mind should cooperate properly to fix the attention of a person on a particular topic for longer period. Both body and mind needs periodical relaxati on or rest in order to function properly. Long working hours will destroy both body and mind which may reflect in the personal and professional life of a person if he forced to work longer periods continuously. â€Å"Heart diseases, fatigue, stress, depression, chronic infections, diabetes, back aches, general health complaints and death are some of the grievances one has to face while working late and for long† (Johnson) The morality of asking employees to work for

Face recognition

Face recognition Face recognition are processes involved in recognition of faces. Explanations of face recognition include feature analysis versus holistic forms. Remembering and recognising faces are an important skill one applies each day of their lives. It is important to the social interactions, to work and school activities, and in peoples personal family lives. Although most of the research in this area has been undertaken on faces it is in fact rare in real life that we need to identify someone from their face alone. Information from a persons clothes, voice, mannerisms etc, and the context in which we encounter them all help in the identification process Sometimes we fail to recognise someone because they are not wearing the clothes we normally see them in or because they are in an unexpected context. Holistic form theory is an unconventional to feature analysis approach to face recognition. Although features are important in describing faces and therefore do have some role to play in face recognition, dependence only on bottom up processing for such a complex activity is very unlikely. Bruce and Young (1986) proposed a top down approach to face recognition in which they argued that recognising a face is a highly complex process involving stored knowledge of semantic and emotional information and is therefore much more than adding together the sum total of a faces features. According to the Holistic approach a face is recognised as a whole, analysing not just the separate features but also the configuration of the face, the relationship between the individual features, feelings aroused by the face and semantic information about the face. Such an approach is sometimes referred to as a template model (Ellis 1975) whereby we have a stored template or pattern for each person as we k now and when presented with a face try to match this stimulus to our mental template. Several studies illustrate how recognition depends on the layout or configuration of the face as a whole. Young and Hay (1986) demonstrated the importance of configurable processing of faces. They cut pictures of famous faces horizontally and ensured the participants could recognise the two separate halves. Then they combined two separate halves together and measured time taken to and accuracy of, naming the top and bottom halves of the composite figures. This proved very difficult for participants as the composite seemed to produce a new holistic face in which it was difficult to perceive the separate halves. A particularly intriguing find was that if the composite faces were inverted participants could name the to half much better than when the faces were the correct way up, despite the fact that inverted faces are normally much harder to recognise. Similar research involves disrupting the configuration of the faces in other ways, either by scrambling the facial features or by inverting the face. Haig (1984) showed how recognition times increased for faces of famous people where the spacing between features or the configuration of features had been altered. Yin (1969) found that inverted faces are much harder to recognise. Although errors are found when attempting to recognise any object that has been inverted, faces seem to produce particular difficulties. Cohen (1989) suggests that this demonstrates that faces are normally recognised holistically, and inversion destroys the global pattern relationships between features. Thus, such findings could be interpreted as evidence for the holistic approach to face recognition.Mohammad A consensus has developed that the process underlying face identification (meaning the process by which a person recognizes a visual stimulus as being Aunt Bertha, my mail carrier, or Arnold Schwarzenegger) and the process underlying most forms of basic-level object recognition (Meaning the process by which a person recognizes a visual stimulus as being a table, a boat, or a human face) are different. A number of lines of evidence showing dissociations between face identification and basic-level object recognition support this conclusion. For example, faces are more difficult to identify in photographic negatives than are basic-level objects (Bruce Langton, 1994; Galper, 1970; Galper Hochberg, 1971; Phillips, 1972), and faces show greater recognition costs when turned upside down than do basic-level objects (Carey Diamond, 1977;Scapinello Yarmey, 1970; Yin, 1969; see Valentine, 1988, for a review). Additional evidence that face identification and basic level object recognition are accomplished by different processes comes from work in neuroscience. Sergent, Ohta, and MacDonald (1992), using positron emission tomography (PET), found regions of the right hemisphere that become active during face identification that are not active during basic-level object recognition. Further, a righthemisphere advantage for identifying faces is well documented (for reviews, see Davidoff, 1982; H. D. Ellis, 1983), whereas the evidence for hemispheric specialization during basic-level object recognition is far less clear, with some studies finding a left-hemisphere advantage (Bryden Rainey, 1963; McKeever Jackson, 1979; Wyke Ettlinger, 1961; Young, Bion, Ellis, 1980), others finding aright-hemisphere advantage (Schmuller Goodman, 1980), and still others finding no advantage for one hemisphere over the other (Biederman Cooper, 1991; Kimura Durnford, 1974; Levine Banich, 1982). Perhaps the most persuasive evidence that basic-level object recognition and face identification are accomplished by different processes comes from studies of brain-damaged patients showing a neurological double dissociation between the two processes. Farah (1994) found 27 cases in the literature in which patient showed impaired face identification but intact basiclevel object recognition and 16 cases in which a patient showed impaired basic-level object recognition but intact face identification, arguing strongly that different neural subtract underline with two tasks Given that face identification and basic-level object recognition occur through different processes, the next logical question to consider is how the memory representations used for the two processes might differ. The most common speculation in the current literature is that faces use configured or holistic representations, whereas basic-level objects use featural representations. Unfortunately, this method of characterizing the differences in the representations is rather vague, and as OToole, Abdi, Deffenbacher, and Valentin (1995) and Bruce and Humphreys (1994) pointed out, it has different meanings for different researchers. When researchers say that face identification uses Further support for a holistic model of face recognition comes from studies investigating the superiority of recognition over recall. People have been found to be consistently better at recognising faces seen before than they are at recalling them. A study by Ellis et al (1975) illustrates the difficulties involved in recalling faces. Participants were shown six photographs of male faces for ten seconds and then asked them immediately to recall the face so that it could be reconstructed using photo fit materials. When judges attempted to pick out the target face from the photo fit reconstructions only an average of 12.5% identifications were correct indicating that the reconstructed faces did not closely resemble the original stimulus face. It seems that in order to describe a face we need to convert our stored mental representations of that face into words. The fact that this seems to be so difficult and so ineffective as illustrated in this study would indicate that we do store faces as wholes rather than as sets of separate features. According to Bruce and Youngs Holistic model of face recognition there are different types of information that can be obtained from faces, some of which are used for familiar faces and others for unfamiliar faces. When firstly we see a face it is encoded structurally, meaning that we encode the visual information, processing the look of the face. If this matches an existing face recognition unit (FRU) then this will be activated. The FRU contains not just physical information but also semantic knowledge. Activation of the FRU triggers activation of the person identity node which enables access to a wealth of information about the person including their occupation, interests, where we normally encounter them, whether we are comfortable with them or not, whether we have friends in common or not. The final stage in the recognition process allows for name generation. According to Bruce and Young names are stored separately to the FRU and person identity nodes but can only be accessed via the identity nodes. This would explain the frustrating and embarrassing experience of knowing lots of details about a person we meet but not being able to think of their name. Young, Hay and Ellis tested the Holistic model in 1985. They asked participants to keep a diary and record problems experienced in face recognition every day. Out of 1008 incidents there were no reports of naming an individual without knowing other information about them. But in 190 cases the opposite occurred, participants reported knowing information about individuals but could not name them. These findings are consistent with the sequence of events proposed by the holistic model where by names can only be accessed if semantic information been accessed first. Further analysis of the diary data showed that of the 1008 incidents there were 233 reports of experiencing familiarity without any personal information being available. Again this supports the sequential nature of the model as these would be cases where an FRU has been triggered causing the feeling of familiarity, but the identity Node has failed to activate, hence the lack of availability of any further information about the person. Holistic form theory is an alternative to feature analysis approach to face recognition. Although features are important in describing faces and therefore do have some role to play in face recognition, reliance only on bottom up processing for such a complex activity is very unlikely. According to the Holistic approach a face is recognised as a whole, analysing not just the separate features but also the configuration of the face, the relationship between the individual features, feelings aroused by the face and semantic information about the face. There is also another theory called feature analysis theory which is an example of a bottom up theory in which it is suggested that analysis if individual facial features plays a crucial role in face recognition.

walruses :: essays research papers

WALRUSES Walruses are one of the largest seals or related to the seal species living in the Arctic Circle. I researched the description, behavior, survival, and interesting facts that may come in handy. Walruses may have a social life but still be treacherous. The species of walruses can be gray, brown, or reddish depending on the weather. For example, when the sun is out and, stays out for a period of time they may be reddish. Walruses can weight 1,000-4,000 pounds. Walruses gain alot of their weight from what they eat and how much they eat. Walruses can be as long as 9-14feet long. My research animal has a small head and tiny black eyes you could hardly see. Walrus’s adaptations to survive in the cold are their tusks, blubber, and eating two times a day, which keeps them alive. The walrus’s most important survival tools are their tusks. Walruses live in the Arctic Region. Walruses can live on ice floes for a long period of time. When walruses migrate they start at the Chuckcki Sea and end at the Bering Sea. Unlike birds, female walruses do not lay eggs they give live birth. Walrus’s average life span is forty years, unless humans or natural enemies hunt them. Normally walruses eat 3,000-6,000 clams per eating. Their favorite foods are clams, snails, and mussels. Polar bears are walrus’s natural enemies. This is so because polar bears try to eat walruses. Walruses protect themselves from enemies such as polar bears with their tusks. Walruses are unique because they have a very social life. Although if they’re mad they are capable of damage a steady, sturdy boat or injure human. Walruses are some how related or one of the largest seals. Also walruses tusks are made out of ivory. So you can see, walruses have many social skills and tend to eat alot. Also, walruses can have a very long life span because how large they are. I really enjoyed researching on the walruses for many reasons.

How do feminists view the division of labour

How do feminists view the division of labour within the family home? sy Chelb7 How do feminists view the division of labour within the family home? Feminism is a collection of movements and beliefs aimed at defining and defending women's rights within society and politics aiming for all round equality, A big issue that arises within women rights is inequality in the household. The division of labour in the home is how fairly the jobs are shared between the partners in the household.Sociologists named Young and Willmott carried out a study in 1937 in aethnal Green, London. They looked into the roles in families within the home and come to the conclusion that Over time most families have become The symmetrical family. This implies roles are being shared between the man and women Within the home. They called this the march Of progress. Feminists reject this ‘March Of progress' View as they say roles are not equal within the home. In a research there is evidence that men ‘hel p' at home but it is far from symmetry within the roles.Feminists say that men usually claim to be helping by doing the pleasurable jobs rather than the work, herefore research so far suggests feminists view the division of labour within the family home as unequal. Sociologist Ann Oakley disagrees with Young and Willmotts view. Rather than seeing a march of progress tonards symmetry since 19th century Ilke Young and Willmott do, Oakley describes how â€Å"the housewife role has become the dominant role tor married women†. She also argues that Men only ever ‘help' at home rather than work. Another sociologist supporting Oakley's idea Is Mary Boulton (1983b.During research Boulton found that fewer than of husbands had a major ole in childcare. She argues that Young and Willmott exaggerate men's contribution by look'ng at tasks that involve childcare rather than responsibilities. When reviewing the research so far it becomes apparent that women sociologists (particularly f eminists) support the idea that men rarely take on tasks within the home and that male sociologists support that this is in fact improving and we are on a march towards progress, Twisting this biased view are two sociologists named Hilary Silver (1987) and Juliet Schor (1993).They argued that because of ommercialised good and services the housewife role has almost disappeared, They say that items such as freezers. microwave ovens and ready meals reduce the amount of domestic labour to be done, However critics argue that for poorer women this iS not an Option. Feminists argue that even though commercialisation has been reduced the Other chores are still not shared equallyq The impact Of paid work iS a more recent debate in feminists. Logically if both man and women Of the house are in paid full time work feminists say that the housework should be shared equally between the couple.Feminists argue that this is not the case. women are being made to carry a dual burden. This outcome is d etermined in large part by traditional gender roles that have been accepted by society over time. on the other hand to the feminist view some sociologists argue that women working In full time paid jobs lead to a more equal division of labour. Jonathan Gershuny (1994) found 83% of housework and those who worked part time still done 82%. Wives who worked full time did 73% of housework. Gershuny explains this trend towards greater equality in terms of gradual change in values and parental role models.He argues social values are gradually adapting to the fact more women are working full time. Similarly Oriel Sullivan's (2000) analysis of nationally representative data collected in 1975, 1987 and 1997 found a trend towards greater equality as men did more domestic labour. Particularly there was an increase in couples with an equal division with men doing more traditionally women's Jobs. Feminists view this division of labour as inaccurate. Equality and symmetry within housework would me an each partner is doing 50% of housework and chores.Whereas even sociologists who are gainst the feminist view towards domestic labour are showing in their results that well over 50% of housework is done by women. Sociologist Dunne (1999)done a study on 37 cohabiting lesbian couples with dependent children. Dunne found evidence of symmetry in their relationships. In lesbian relationships household tasks are not linked to a particular gender scripts. This allows lesbian couples to have more equal relationships. For example as one of the women said in Dunne's study â€Å"In heterosexual relationships there is always a subconscious belief that women are upposed to do the housework.This supports the radical feminist view that relationships between men and women are inevitably patriarchal and that women can only achieve equality in same sex relationships. Similarly, Jeffery Weeks (1999) argues that same sex relationships offer greater possibilities of equality because the division of l abour is open to negotiation and agreement and not based on a patriarchal tradition. To conclude evidence shows that a women being in paid work leads to more equality in the division of labour, though probably only if she is in full work.Many feminists argue that in reality the effect of this is limited and women still continue to shoulder a dual or triple burden. Feminists argue that the root of the problem is patriarchy. Patriarchy ensures that women earn less at work and therefore have less bargaining in the home. Patriarchal gender scripts shape societys expectations about the domestic roles within the house. In my opinion until the subconscious belief that women should do the domestic work has being changed by society's outlook feminists will always feel that patriarchy is the main reason for the inequality of labour within the home.

Commissioned Officer Essay Example

Commissioned Officer Essay Example Commissioned Officer Essay Commissioned Officer Essay I would like to start by emphasizing that it is my goal to become a Commissioned Officer, and I am determined to face whatever odds to achieve this goal.In my opinion, being a Commissioned Officer is being a Leader, in its truest essence, and in the tradition of the U.S. Coast Guard. I believe that if there is any organization where effective leadership must be cultivated and developed, it is in the military. In view of this, I could say that I am up to satisfying what the position requires.I desire to become a Commissioned Officer with Leadership as my battlecry, both as an end, and as a means. As an end, it has always been my passion to become a leader of men. Serving as a Commissioned Officer would become a realization of this passion. Meanwhile, leadership has become a means for me because I exercise the desired leadership traits to get every man on my team to work for the accomplishment of every mission. Leadership is entwined with my values, both as a man in uniform, and as a p erson.In the past, I have exemplified leadership by serving 4 years in the US Marines. There, I have earned the respect, confidence, and loyal cooperation of other Marines by demonstrating leadership traits such as Justice, Judgement, Dependability, Initiative, Decisiveness, Tact, Integrity, Enthusiasm, Bearing, Unselfishness, Courage, Knowledge, Loyalty and Endurance.I have also displayed skills, specifically in communication and information gathering, as a linguist under a DEA contract. This specialty on the field of intelligence adds to my credentials as an Officer Candidate and as a leader. I am fluent in other languages such as Italian and Spanish, and these excellent communication skills would serve as helpful additions to my skills if ever I am able to become an Officer. I believe that it is crucial that a leader knows how to communicate with his men and with other people to whom duty calls him to speak to. With my excellent language skills, along with the leadership traits t hat I have gained from my experience in the US Marines and from the training in the Officer Candidate School, I am positive that I would be able to communicate ideas and intentions well. I believe this ability is rare among other aspiring leaders.With regards to the rudiments of military and leadership skills, I believe that I have enough competence, and my performance will certainly speak of this. However, since people say that nobody is perfect and that there would always be loopholes into the ideal, I commit to keep on striving everyday to become the Leader that I desire to become. This is my passion. And I hope that through this narrative, I have been able to narrate well about my potentials and capabilities, enough to bring me closer to my goals and objectives.References:Marine Corps Leadership Traits. Competencies Skills. Center for Strategic Leadership Studies. Retrieved 07 Nov 2006 at   6mcd.usmc.mil/ftl_site/Handbook/marine_corps_leadership__traits.htm.http://leadership. au.af.mil/sls-skil.htm#marines:legacee.com/Info/Leadership/LeadershipTraits.html

Future Computers essays

Future Computers essays Computer capabilities in the future-for a computer type Computer is a part of our nowadays world. More and more we become dependent on computers. So far computers havent overcame peoples brains, but in the near future computers will be more intelligent than we could ever dreamed about it. Soon every step that we make will be followed by computers. The main thing is, how it will affect peoples lives, worldviews, and thinking. Are we going to be dependent on our brains or will we have to depend only on computers? Future computers that see will change how we use consumer electronics and computing devices at home and work. For instance, your TV could pause the show you are watching without the need for a remote control. Just by seeing you get up to go get a beer, your TV would know you're leaving the room and no longer paying attention. Other applications might include a set of programs that help handicapped people control their PCs and all other connected devices in the home with head or eye movements. There could also be intuitive documents that sense when students are confused by "looking" at their facial expressions. Then, a computer might retrieve some supplemental information that could help the stumped student better understand the context of what he's reading. Computers created within the next two decades could revolve around a technology in which laser beams converge inside crystals the size of sugar cubes, forming holographic images for processing huge amounts of information. Perhaps by the year 2020, computers will revolve around new types of optical processors. These "holographic computers" might use crystals that receive and manipulate data-laden images, processing information much faster than conventional computers. Future computers will be more human oriented, knowing how to track the users' behaviors and habits, thus better serving their individual needs. With the new operating system, users will n...

Land law in ksa and uk Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Land law in ksa and uk - Essay Example The Rules of land Laws in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia In Saudi Arabia, the greater percentage of total land is owned by the government. Private individuals own only the property in the urban area and land which is cultivated in the rural areas. The law stipulates that all land titles deeds must be registered. However, accurate information on the extent of land registration does not exist (Sait & Lim, 2006). Initially, the law stated that real estate could only be owned by the native citizens until when the property laws were amended to give the right to foreigners to also own property. However, for individuals who are not citizens of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to invest in property there is a need for them to seek council of ministers approval. Three categories of land exist in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. These include developed land, undeveloped land, and protective zones. Developed land constitutes constructed environment of towns and villages and land, which has been agriculturally developed. The law states that this land may be sold, bought, or inherited. Land, which is not developed, constitutes grazing pasture and wilderness. Grazing land and pasture is a common good. As such, the law authorizes every citizen to use it. However, the wilderness is a state property, which may be open to all unless the state imposes some restrictions. The Saudi land law uses the Waqf. This is a form of land ownership in, which a Saudi national has the right to transfer property to an organization or foundation for long term charitable or religious reasons. Once land or the property has been transferred under Waqf, the law does not allow further transfer or alienation of the same property. The Rules of the Land Law in United Kingdom The United Kingdom law is the law of real property in Wales and England. This law entails acquisition, priority and content of rights and obligations among people with land interests (Gray & Gray, 2009). The old content of English land law is relate d to property rights that come from common law, the registration system and equity. Normally, ownership of land in the United Kingdom is acquired through a sale contract where the buyer acquires the land through a written agreement with the seller, and there is an exchange of money. In order to complete such a purchase, the law states that the purchaser of the land must formally register his intention to buy the land in land registry. Apart from sale contracts, the law stipulates that individuals may acquire interests in land through contribution to home acquisition price, or to family life if the courts of the land can find evidence of a common purpose that this should occur. The law also recognizes a constructive or resulting trust over the property, and in credit of individuals of social interest in their households, these do not need to be registered just like a lease whose duration is less than seven years (Gray & Gray, 2009). Further, the law stipulates that individuals can ac quire land through propriety estoppels. This refers to a situation where an individual is assured to receive land or property, and relied on this to their detriment, the court may acknowledge it. Adverse possession is a form of ownership which allows a person who

British Electoral System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

British Electoral System - Essay Example In this system ranks are provided by the voter to the candidates by marking 1, 2, 3 etc on the ballot paper against the name of the candidate. The candidates are ranked across different parties or within the same party by the voters. Certain quota of votes must be achieved by the candidate in order to win. This system is used â€Å"for local government elections in Northern Ireland and Scotland, European Parliament elections in Northern Ireland and the Northern Ireland Assembly† (Voting systems in the UK, 2008, p.2).Under this system the voters can cast their votes into two parts, firstly for constituency MP and second for party list. The lack of proportionality that arises from the FPTP is compensated by this system. â€Å"AMS is used for elections to the Scottish Parliament, the National Assembly for Wales and the London Assembly† (Voting systems in the UK, 2008, pp.2- 3).   Closed Party List SystemThis system is applicable to a multi member constituency. The electo rs vote for the party and as per the proportion won by the party, it gets seat in the constituency.† The Closed Party List system has been used for European Parliament elections in the UK since 1999 except in Northern Ireland where STV is used† (Voting systems in the UK, 2008, p.3).The Single- member plurality, which is followed by the British Electoral system was believed to facilitate â€Å"a two-party system of alternating single-party majority government†.... le transferable vote In this system ranks are provided by the voter to the candidates by marking 1, 2, 3 etc on the ballot paper against the name of the candidate. The candidates are ranked across different parties or within the same party by the voters. Certain quota of votes must be achieved by the candidate in order to win. This system is used â€Å"for local government elections in Northern Ireland and Scotland, European Parliament elections in Northern Ireland and the Northern Ireland Assembly† (Voting systems in the UK, 2008, p.2). Additional Member system Under this system the voters can cast their votes into two parts, firstly for constituency MP and second for party list. The lack of proportionality that arises from the FPTP is compensated by this system. â€Å"AMS is used for elections to the Scottish Parliament, the National Assembly for Wales and the London Assembly† (Voting systems in the UK, 2008, pp.2- 3). Closed Party List System This system is applicabl e to a multi member constituency. The electors vote for the party and as per the proportion won by the party, it gets seat in the constituency.† The Closed Party List system has been used for European Parliament elections in the UK since 1999 except in Northern Ireland where STV is used† (Voting systems in the UK, 2008, p.3). Effectiveness of the Electoral System The Single- member plurality, which is followed by the British Electoral system was believed to facilitate â€Å"a two-party system of alternating single-party majority government†. But in the 2010 UK election no party could secure an overall majority due to which formation of peacetime coalition government was done (Curtice, 2010, p. 623). This issue raised questions on the effectiveness of the system. To understand this merits and demerits of